{"id":651,"date":"2020-02-16T20:59:05","date_gmt":"2020-02-16T20:59:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/?p=651"},"modified":"2020-05-17T12:12:36","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T12:12:36","slug":"suhulet-madalyasi-verilmeyen-bir-kahraman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/16\/suhulet-madalyasi-verilmeyen-bir-kahraman\/","title":{"rendered":"SUHULET MADALYASI VER\u0130LMEYEN B\u0130R KAHRAMAN"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Tanzimat-\u0131 Hayriye’nin\nilan\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan reformlar neticesinde halk\u0131n ya\u015fama\ntarz\u0131nda  de\u011fi\u015fmeler olmu\u015f, \u0130stanbul \u00e7evresinde can ve mal emniyeti\nsa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.. Bu arada \u00e7\u0131kan K\u0131r\u0131m Harbinden hemen sonra yabanc\u0131 devletlerden\nbir k\u0131s\u0131m halk ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte bu tarihlerde \u015fehir haricine\nve \u00f6zellikle Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019ne ra\u011fbet, artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk\u0131n bu e\u011filiminden faydalanmak\ngayesiyle iki yabanc\u0131 \u015firket vapuru Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde i\u015flemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu iki\nvapurun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ise de i\u015fletenlerin kimler olduklar\u0131 t\u00fcm ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara\nra\u011fmen bulunamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere tersaneden bir vapur\ntahsis etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

29 Mart 1851 tarihli\n445 numaral\u0131 Takvim-i Vekayi Gazetesi\u2019nde bu vapurun seyir \u015fekli ve hareketi ne\nait bir ilan vard\u0131r. Bu ilana g\u00f6re vapur 1851 senesinin Nisan ay\u0131ndan ba\u015flamak\n\u00fczere g\u00fcnde bir kere k\u00f6pr\u00fcden hareket ederek ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolcular\u0131 Bo\u011faz\u0131n iki\nyakas\u0131ndaki iskelelere \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131ktan sonra geceyi \u0130stinye’de ge\u00e7irecek ve\nsabahleyin yine ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde yolcular\u0131 al\u0131p k\u00f6pr\u00fcye getirecekti.Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde bu\n\u015fekilde vapur i\u015flemeye ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve b\u00f6ylece bu b\u00f6lgede hayat belirtisi\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi bir \u015firket kurulmas\u0131 fikrini ilham etmi\u015ftir. Bu fikrin ilk m\u00fcte\u015febbis\nve kurucular\u0131 o zaman\u0131n sadaret m\u00fcste\u015far\u0131 olan Ke\u00e7ecizade Fuat Pa\u015fa (1815\u20131869)\nile eski adliye naz\u0131n Ahmet Cevdet Pa\u015fad\u0131r. (1822\u20131895) Fuat Pa\u015fa ve Cevdet\nPa\u015fa Bursa’da bulunduklar\u0131 s\u0131rada zamanlar\u0131n\u0131 bo\u015f ge\u00e7irmeyip iki \u00f6nemli eser\nmeydana getirmi\u015flerdir. O zamana kadar Osmanl\u0131ca dilbilgisi kurallar\u0131m toplayan\nbir kitap bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan “Osmanl\u0131ca Kaideleri” adl\u0131 eseri\nyazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bir de Avrupa’da daha \u00f6nceki y\u0131llarda tatbik edilen anonim \u015firket\n\u015feklini halka g\u00f6stermek ve Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019ne gidip gelenlere kolayl\u0131k olmak \u00fczere bir\nvapur \u015firketi kurmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp bu \u015firketi tesise dair bir nizamname kaleme\nalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu iki \u00f6nemli eseri Bursa’da biraya yak\u0131n olan ikametlerinde\nmeydana getirip \u0130stanbul\u2019a d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015flerdir, \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldiklerinde derhal i\u015fe\nkoyulmu\u015flar ve bu \u015firkete de “\u015e\u0130RKET-\u0130 HAYR\u0130YE” ismini vermi\u015flerdir.\n\u015eirket, Hicri Rebiy\u00fclevvel 1267, Milad\u0131 17 Ocak 1851 g\u00fcn\u00fc padi\u015fah\u0131n irade-i\nseniyyesiy\u2019le Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nde ilk anonim \u015firket olarak kuruldu. Olay\nTakvim-i Vekayi gazetesinde de yay\u0131nlanarak resmiyet kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu \u015firketin bas\u0131lan\nkurulu\u015f tasar\u0131s\u0131 gere\u011fince gerekli i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na te\u015febb\u00fcs edildi.\n\u015e\u00f6yle ki; Her s\u0131n\u0131f Osmanl\u0131 Devleti halk\u0131n\u0131n kurulan bu \u015firketten hisse\nalmalar\u0131na izin verilerek, her hisse 3000 kuru\u015fa sat\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131, ilk \u00f6nce\n1500, daha sonra 500 hisse daha ilave edilerek toplam 2000 hisseden ibaret\nolarak \u015eirket-i Hayriye kuruldu demektedir.\u015eirket ilk olarak 6 vapur sat\u0131n\nalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc 7000’er di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc 7500’er liraya mal edilmi\u015ftir. Sal\u0131n\nal\u0131nan bu gemiler tekneleri a\u011fa\u00e7 makineleri 60’ar beygir kuvvetinde idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu vapurlar\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\n188’er son \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc. 197\u2019\u015fer tonilatodur. 1267 (1851) senesinde \u0130ngiltere\u2019de White\nadas\u0131nda Mister ‘John Rober White fabrikas\u0131nda in\u015fas\u0131na ba\u015flanan gemilerin\nmakinalar\u0131  Maudslay isimli  fabrikada yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 1270 (1854)\ntarihinde seferlere ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.
\n\u015eirket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f bir\u00e7ok badireler atlatt\u0131ktan sonra 1882 \u015firketin\nba\u015f\u0131na H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi getirilmi\u015ftir. H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi \u00e2dete \u015eirket-i\nHayriye\u2019nin ikinci kurucusudur.\u015eirketin Umum M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi Kandiye\ne\u015fraf\u0131ndan Mehmet Efendinin mahdumudur. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da tahsil g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f Arap\u00e7a ve\nFrans\u0131z\u2019ca ya vak\u0131f son derece zeki ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan ama olduk\u00e7a inat\u00e7\u0131 bir adamd\u0131r.\n1895y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ile neticelenen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kadar bu i\u015fte kalm\u0131\u015f ve \u015eirketi\niflastan kurtarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi\n\u00dcsk\u00fcdar’dan Rumeli’ye asker \u015fevki ve sivillerin naklinde \u00e7ekilen s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7ok\niyi bilmekte ve buna bir \u00e7are aramaktad\u0131r.Bir g\u00fcn H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi Umum\nM\u00fcfetti\u015flikte bulunmu\u015f \u0130skender Efendi ve Hask\u00f6y Tersanesi\u2019nin Ser mimar\u0131\nMehmet Usta ile ba\u015f ba\u015fa verip o zaman\u0131n yolcu ve y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yan yandan \u00e7arkl\u0131\nvapurlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcnde canland\u0131rarak uzun uzun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler ve nihayet bir\n\u00e7are bulurlar. Vapurlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ve k\u0131\u00e7\u0131na birer kapak ve birer k\u00f6pr\u00fc tak\u0131lacak\nve bu k\u00f6pr\u00fc iskelelere yana\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda indirilerek \u00fczerinden atlar ve arabalar\nge\u00e7irilecek, vapur i\u00e7indeki yolcu s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmak suretiyle de vapurun\ni\u00e7ini b\u00fcy\u00fcltmek ve bu suretle atlar ve arabalar\u0131 bo\u011fazdan ge\u00e7irmek.Ve… Bu\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce d\u00fcnyada ilk Araba Vapuru (Ferry Boat)\u2019u yarat\u0131r. Derhal \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye\nsipari\u015f verilir. Daha \u00f6nce \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye yapt\u0131r\u0131lan 6 vapur Rumeli, Tarabya,\nG\u00f6ksu, Beylerbeyi, Tophane ve Be\u015fikta\u015f isimleri alt\u0131nda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r, ancak bu sefer daha de\u011fi\u015fik tipte bir vapur\nistenmektedir… Ve becerikli \u0130sko\u00e7lar fikri be\u011fenirler. Kollar s\u0131van\u0131r…\n\u0130stenilen gemi \u00e7ok k\u0131sa bir d\u00f6nemde bitirilir ve \u00e7ok zor \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda\n\u0130stanbul\u2019a getirilir. Tekne ufakt\u0131r, safras\u0131 yoktur ve bo\u015ftur, yolda fena halde\nsallanm\u0131\u015f ve birka\u00e7 defa batma tehlikesi ge\u00e7irmesine ra\u011fmen sonunda \u0130stanbul\u2019a\nvas\u0131l olmu\u015ftur… Olmu\u015ftur ama \u0130ngiliz kaptan da 8.000 \u0130ngiliz liras\u0131na mal\nolan bu vapuru getirirken yolda \u00e7ekti\u011fi bunca me\u015fakkat ve \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcden bir daha bu\ntarzda vapur getirmeme\u011fe yemin etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu rivayettir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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D\u00fcnyada o zaman ba\u015fka bir e\u015fi bulunmayan araba vapurumuza \u015fanl\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bayra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekilerek kolayl\u0131k anlam\u0131na gelen \u00abSUHULET\u00bb ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda 26 No sefer haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131r.Ancak b\u00f6yle bir vapurun iki k\u0131y\u0131 aras\u0131nda y\u00fck ve yolcu ta\u015f\u0131yaca\u011f\u0131 haberi o zaman\u0131n mavnac\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ho\u015fnutsuzluk yaratm\u0131\u015f ve zaten \u015eirketi Hayriye\u2019ye k\u0131zg\u0131n olan ve zaman zaman vapurlar\u0131n \u00f6nlerini kesip onlar\u0131 ta\u015flayan bu cahil tabaka hemen aralar\u0131nda toplan\u0131p yeni planlar tasarlamaya ve bu yeni vapuru i\u015flettirmemeye karar verirler. H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlardan haberdard\u0131r ve de yukar\u0131da da bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi zeki ve inat\u00e7\u0131d\u0131r. Kendisi karar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7oktan vermi\u015f ve sefer program\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00f6nce \u015eeyh-\u00fcl \u0130slam Efendiye g\u00fczel bir fetva yazd\u0131r\u0131r ve tatbik m\u00fchr\u00fcn\u00fc basar. Ayr\u0131ca askeri idareye ba\u015fvurur ve yard\u0131m ister, \u00f6nce dini bask\u0131, yetmezse askeri g\u00fc\u00e7le bu \u00e7apulcular\u0131 y\u0131ld\u0131rmay\u0131 planlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na top\u00e7u k\u0131tas\u0131 g\u00f6nderilir ve asker nezaretinde sefer tecr\u00fcbeleri yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilir. Mavnac\u0131larda bo\u015f durmay\u0131p kahvelerden bo\u015f halk\u0131 toplamaya ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yalanlarla halk\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sahile dolan halk; k\u00fcstah bir s\u00fcr\u00fc \u00e7apulcu aras\u0131nda \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n ve merakl\u0131d\u0131r. O g\u00fcn vapurun gelece\u011fi haberi yay\u0131l\u0131r. Yeni vapur \u00e7i\u00e7ekler ve bayraklarla s\u00fcslenir ve Kabata\u015f’tan \u00dcsk\u00fcdar’a hareket edilir.G\u00f6k masmavi, g\u00fczel g\u00fcne\u015fli bir g\u00fcnd\u00fcr 26 numara s\u00fcz\u00fcle s\u00fcz\u00fcle gider… Gider \u00dcsk\u00fcdar’a var\u0131r, ama k\u0131y\u0131ya yana\u015famaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mavnac\u0131lar teknelerini d\u00f6rt, be\u015f s\u0131ra halinde yan yana zincirle ba\u011flayarak demirlerini de at\u0131p b\u00fct\u00fcn sahili tutmu\u015flar, kendileri de meydan\u0131 \u00e7evreleyen \u00e7ardakl\u0131 kahvelere da\u011f\u0131larak koyu bir sohbete dalm\u0131\u015flar, yan g\u00f6zle de bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc sahile yana\u015famayan vapuru s\u00fczerlermi\u015f.Ya top\u00e7u k\u0131tas\u0131 o da gelmi\u015f \u00dcsk\u00fcdar meydan\u0131nda kalakalm\u0131\u015f, etraf\u0131 merakla neticeyi bekleyen b\u00fcy\u00fck bir halk k\u00fctlesiyle \u00e7evrilmi\u015fti.Birden g\u00fcr bir ses koca meydanda g\u00fcrledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u2014 Sizlere 3 dakika veriyorum ya derhal\nda\u011f\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7ekilirsiniz veya hepinizi mavnalar\u0131n\u0131zla beraber suyun 7 kat dibine\ng\u00f6merim, Vallahil-Azim. Top\u00e7u K\u0131t’a kumandan\u0131 mavnac\u0131lara hayk\u0131r\u0131yordu… Ve sonra ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 geriye\n\u00e7evirmeden askerlere verdi\u011fi emir i\u015fitildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2014 Top indir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131p kapay\u0131ncaya\nkadar k\u0131sa bir zaman i\u00e7inde koca toplar meydana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f neferler yerlerini\nalm\u0131\u015flar, etraf\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evirerek toplar\u0131 her an patlamaya haz\u0131r hale\ngetirmi\u015flerdi.Mavnac\u0131lar i\u00e7in art\u0131k kaybedecek tek dakika kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131, hemen\nzincir kesip, demirlerini dahi alamadan teknelerini bo\u011faz\u0131n ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na\nb\u0131rakarak kayboluverdiler.26 SUHULET karaya yana\u015fm\u0131\u015f, kesilen kurbanlar ve\nokunan dua sesleri aras\u0131nda ba\u015fta Binba\u015f\u0131 arkas\u0131nda top\u00e7u k\u0131t’as\u0131 atlar\u0131n\u0131n\nnallar\u0131 g\u00fcverteyi g\u00fcmb\u00fcr g\u00fcmb\u00fcr \u00f6tt\u00fcrerek vapura bindiler. Daha sonra bir ka\u00e7\nfayton ve se\u00e7kin bir merakl\u0131 k\u00fctlesi… \u00dcsk\u00fcdar camisinin oya gibi i\u015flemeli\nminarelerinden okunan selalar aras\u0131nda 26 SUHULET sanki o tarihi an\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yormu\u015f\ngibi s\u00fcz\u00fcle s\u00fcz\u00fcle harekete ge\u00e7mi\u015fti bile.Bu arada kalabal\u0131k bir kar\u015f\u0131lama\nheyeti Kabata\u015f\u2019ta toplanm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6n safhalara yerle\u015fen Erkan-\u0131 Devlet kar\u015f\u0131dan\ng\u00fcne\u015fte p\u0131r\u0131l p\u0131r\u0131l parlayan bu tek silindirli yeni vapuru kar\u015f\u0131lamaya\nhaz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. M\u0131z\u0131ka-i H\u00fcmayun Mar\u015f\u0131 Osman\u00ee\u2019yi \u00e7al\u0131yordu, gemi geldi\nyana\u015ft\u0131, \u00f6n kapak indi \u00e7ifte palamar vererek kaz\u0131klara ba\u011fland\u0131Asker halk\u0131\nselamlayarak Taksim top\u00e7u k\u0131\u015flas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu tuttu. Halk g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bir\nbirini kucakl\u0131yordu, 1870 y\u0131l\u0131 bahar\u0131nda bir bayram havas\u0131 ya\u015fan\u0131yordu. Sultan\nAbd\u00fclaziz\u2019in keyfine payan yoktu, saray\u0131n\u0131n penceresinden bu yeni vapuru\nseyretmi\u015fti. Donanmas\u0131na kat\u0131lan bu marifetli g\u00fczel gemiden \u00f6teki devletlerde\nhen\u00fcz yoktu… O zamanlar Londra’da bile bu nevi vas\u0131ta ta\u015f\u0131yan vapurlar iki\nzincir aras\u0131nda bir k\u0131y\u0131dan di\u011ferine gider ve a\u00e7\u0131k denizde sefer yapamazd\u0131…\nVe d\u00fcnyada ilk arabal\u0131 vapuru yaratan H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendide ebetteki\nm\u00fck\u00e2fatland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kendisine 2. vapur i\u00e7in emir verilmi\u015fti.2. vapur bu sefer\n\u00e7ift silindirli ve 27 numara Sahilbent 12.000 \u0130ngiliz liras\u0131na yapt\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve 2\nk\u0131y\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun nice hizmetler vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bu vapurlar 1911\ny\u0131l\u0131nda Trablus 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda Balkan ve 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda 1.D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcresince\nordunun hizmetinde bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. 27 Sahilbent \u0130stanbul liman\u0131 i\u00e7inde\nHaydarpa\u015fa-Sirkeci ya da \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u2013Sirkeci aras\u0131nda asker ve askeri malzeme\nnaklinde kullan\u0131ld\u0131.27 Sahilbent\u2019in o zaman projekt\u00f6r\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geceleri\n\u015eirket-i Hayriye\u2019nin 55 numaral\u0131 Bebek \u00f6nden giderek ona yol\ng\u00f6steriyordu Geriye hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi kalmad\u0131 sadece ad\u0131 kald\u0131 yadig\u00e2r<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130DO taraf\u0131ndan Ceksan\nTersanesine yapt\u0131r\u0131lan yeni Suhuletin filoya kat\u0131lma t\u00f6reninde t\u00f6reni sunan\nSunay Ak\u0131n bile bu kahraman gemiden onu yaratan H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendiden,\n\u0130skender Efendiden ve Hask\u00f6y Tersanesi\u2019nin Ser mimar\u0131 Mehmet Usta\u2019dan zerre\nkadar bahsedilmedi Marmara Denizine Padi\u015fah emri ile konulan k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 bal\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan\nbahsedildi de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk araba vapuru olan 26 Suhulet\u2019ten hi\u00e7 mi hi\u00e7\nbahsedilmedi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

26 SUHULET:<\/strong> 1871’de,\n\u0130ngiltere, Londra’da Maudslay Sons & Fi\u00acelds tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle yandan\n\u00e7arkl\u0131 araba vapuru olarak yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca yolcu da al\u0131yordu. 555 gros, 257 net\ntonluktu. Teknesi sa\u00e7tand\u0131. Uzunlu\u011fu 45.7 metre, geni\u015fli\u011fi 8.5 metre, su kesimi\n3.1 metre idi. Ma\u00acudslay yap\u0131m\u0131 450 beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcnde tek silindirli compound\nbuhar maki\u00acnesi vard\u0131. 1872’de hizmete girdi. Saatte 7 mil h\u0131z\u0131 vard\u0131. Sava\u015f\ng\u00fcnlerin\u00acde ordunun emrinde hizmet verdi. 1930’da Hask\u00f6y Tersanesi’nde buhar\nmakineleri ve kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n yerine dizel motor tak\u0131ld\u0131. Bu motor 1952’de 315 bhp\ng\u00fcc\u00fcnde yeni bir Mirrlees dizel motorla de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. Ayr\u0131ca tek\u00acnesi 377 gros\nton, 184 net tonluk duruma getirildi. Y\u0131llarca \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra 11 May\u0131s\n1958’de hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. 1961’de s\u00f6k\u00fclmek \u00fczere sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman 89 y\u0131ll\u0131k\ntekneydi.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tanzimat-\u0131 Hayriye’nin ilan\u0131yla h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan reformlar neticesinde halk\u0131n ya\u015fama tarz\u0131nda  de\u011fi\u015fmeler olmu\u015f, \u0130stanbul \u00e7evresinde can ve mal emniyeti sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.. Bu arada \u00e7\u0131kan K\u0131r\u0131m Harbinden hemen sonra yabanc\u0131 devletlerden bir k\u0131s\u0131m halk ge\u00e7im s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130\u015fte bu tarihlerde \u015fehir haricine ve \u00f6zellikle Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019ne ra\u011fbet, artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halk\u0131n bu e\u011filiminden faydalanmak gayesiyle iki yabanc\u0131 \u015firket vapuru Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yazilarim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=651"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":663,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/651\/revisions\/663"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}