{"id":294,"date":"2020-02-11T21:43:23","date_gmt":"2020-02-11T21:43:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/?p=294"},"modified":"2020-05-17T12:17:50","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T12:17:50","slug":"istanbul-sularinda-araba-vapurlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/11\/istanbul-sularinda-araba-vapurlari\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130stanbul Sular\u0131nda Araba Vapurlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul’un tarihi 300 bin y\u0131l\n\u00f6nceye kadar uzan\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece g\u00f6l\u00fc kenar\u0131nda bulunan Yar\u0131mburgaz\nma\u011faras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda insan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait ilk izlere rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu\nd\u00f6nemde g\u00f6l\u00fcn \u00e7evresinde Neolitik ve Kalkolitik d\u00f6nem insanlar\u0131n\u0131n yasad\u0131\u011f\u0131\nsan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda, Dudullu yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Alt\nPaleolitik \u00c7a\u011f’a, A\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ise, Orta Paleolitik \u00c7a\u011f ile \u00dcst\nPaleolitik \u00c7a\u011f’a \u00f6zg\u00fc aletlere rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 5000 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren\nba\u015fta Kad\u0131k\u00f6y Fikirtepe olmak \u00fczere \u00c7atalca, Dudullu, \u00dcmraniye, Pendik,\nDavutpa\u015fa, Kilyos ve Ambarl\u0131’da yo\u011fun bir yerle\u015fimin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\nAma bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130stanbul’un temelleri M.\u00d6. 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M.S. 4. y\u00fczy\u0131lda\n\u0130mparator Constantin taraf\u0131ndan yeniden in\u015fa edilip, ba\u015fkent yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f; o g\u00fcnden\nsonra da yakla\u015f\u0131k 16 as\u0131r boyunca Roma, Bizans ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde\nba\u015fkentlik s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u0130mparator Constantin ile\nbirlikte H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkezlerinden biri olan \u0130stanbul, 1453’te Osmanl\u0131lar\ntaraf\u0131ndan fethedildikten sonra M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli kentlerinden biri\nsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul ilk kuruldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda, bug\u00fcn sur i\u00e7i dedi\u011fimiz, ba\u015fka\nbir deyimle tarihi yar\u0131madada bulunan yedi tepe \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. Kurulu\u015fundan\ng\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar her d\u00f6nemde cazibe merkezi haline gelen \u0130stanbul hep g\u00f6\u00e7 alan\nbir \u015fehir olmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fal olarak da s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha da\ngeni\u015flemektedir. Bir metre kare alana d\u00fc\u015fen n\u00fcfus oran\u0131 ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk\ns\u0131ralar\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. \u0130stanbul g\u00f6\u00e7 ala ala \u0130stanbul\u2019un s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tarihi\nyar\u0131mada d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i, Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, Adalar yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131 haline\ngelince de ula\u015f\u0131m sorunu bug\u00fcn de oldu\u011fu gibi bir sorun haline gelmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

1800\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda buhar makinelerinin yelkenli gemilerde\nkullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile deniz ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda bir \u00e7a\u011f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1828 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bu\u011f\ngemisinin \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmesi bu geminin halk taraf\u0131ndan benimsenmesi, tutulmas\u0131\nneticesinde Padi\u015fah\nII. Mahmud ve ondan sonra tahta ge\u00e7en I. Abd\u00fclmecit, Tersane-i Amire\u2019de buhar makinesi\nile i\u015fleyen yeni gemiler in\u015fa ettirmi\u015ftir. Yeni in\u015fa edilen bu gemilerin hizmete\ngirmesi ile ba\u015fta Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i olmak \u00fczere Marmara Denizi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki yerle\u015fim\nbirimlerine, daha sonra da \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Karadeniz, Ege ve Akdeniz\nk\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131ndaki di\u011fer \u015fehirlerine vapur seferleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1843 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu\nseferleri yapacak olan gemileri de \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye Denizcilik\n\u0130\u015fletmeleri n\u00fcvesini te\u015fkil eden Fevaid-i Osmaniye ad\u0131 ile bir \u0130\u015fletme\nkurulmu\u015ftur. Bu d\u00f6nemde h\u0131zla geli\u015fen Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019ndeki yerle\u015fimin \u0130stanbul\u2019un\nmerkezi ile ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 temin etmek amac\u0131yla \u015eirket-i Hayriye 1851 y\u0131l\u0131nda\nyaln\u0131zca Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere; 1858 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hali\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak\n\u00fczere Hali\u00e7 Dersaadet \u015eirket-\u0130 Hayriye, Hali\u00e7 Vapur \u015eirketidir ad\u0131 ile bir\n\u015firket kurulmu\u015ftur. \u0130stanbul\u2019un ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u015firketten bug\u00fcn\nT\u00fcrkiye Denizcilik \u0130\u015fletmeleri n\u00fcvesini te\u015fkil eden Fevaid-i Osmaniye bir\ndevlet kurulu\u015fu iken, \u015eirket-i Hayriye ve Hali\u00e7 Dersaadet \u015eirket-i Hayriye,\nHali\u00e7 Vapur \u015eirketi sermayesi tamamen \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re ait olan \u015firketlerdir. Bu\nkurulu\u015flar\u0131n faaliyete ge\u00e7mesi ile \u0130stanbul\u2019un ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rahatlama\nmeydana gelmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019un\niki k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na at, araba ve askeri a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel vapurlara\nihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. \u00d6zellikle ordu hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131n toplar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya\nge\u00e7irilmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklerle ve hayli zaman kayb\u0131 pahas\u0131na m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\nolabiliyordu. O d\u00f6nemde \u015eirket-i Hayriye\u2019nin Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan H\u00fcseyin Haki\nEfendi, bu sorunu g\u00f6r\u00fcr, bu sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015f\u0131rsa \u015firketine \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde\nkazan\u00e7 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek \u015eirket\u2019in Umum M\u00fcfetti\u015fli\u011finde bulunan \u0130skender\nEfendi ve Hask\u00f6y Tersanesi\u2019nin ser mimari Mehmet Usta ile ba\u015f ba\u015fa verip o g\u00fcne\nkadar benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f bir vapur tipi \u00e7izerler. Bu \u00e7izime g\u00f6re vapurun iki\nba\u015f\u0131nda k\u0131y\u0131ya indirilecek kapaklar\u0131 vard\u0131, iki yandaki \u00e7arklar\u0131n\u0131 ileri veya\ngeri d\u00f6nd\u00fcrerek iki y\u00f6ne de ayn\u0131 h\u0131zla ilerleyebiliyordu. \u00d6n\u00fc arkas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\ni\u00e7inde hangi y\u00f6ne gidiyorsa oras\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcyd\u00fc. Yolcular\u0131n oturmalar\u0131na mahsus\ns\u0131ralar da kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ana g\u00fcverte; atlar\u0131, arabalar\u0131 rahat\u00e7a alabilecek\nkadar geni\u015fti. Bu vapur bug\u00fcn Araba Vapuru, ya da feribot dedi\u011fimiz vapur\ntipinin anas\u0131yd\u0131. 1870 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mehmet Usta vas\u0131tas\u0131yla \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki gemi in\u015fa\nm\u00fchendislerine izah edilip in\u015fa edildi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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26\nSuhulet bu \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu. Yandan \u00e7arkl\u0131 tek silindirli ana\nmakinesi ile 26 Suhulet\u2019in teknesi sa\u00e7tan in\u015fa edilmi\u015fti. 26 Suhulet\u2019in,\n\u00f6nceleri Sirkeci-\u00dcsk\u00fcdar aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc ancak \u00dcsk\u00fcdar-Kabata\u015f\naras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131na karar verildi. Ekmek\nparalar\u0131ndan olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 esnaf\u0131 m\u00fcthi\u015f bir tepki g\u00f6stererek\nferibotun yana\u015faca\u011f\u0131 \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u0130skelesi \u00f6nlerine kay\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flayarak feribotun\nyana\u015fmas\u0131na mani olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklard\u0131. Bunun haber al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, \u015eeyh\u00fclislamdan\nfetva al\u0131narak feribotun i\u00e7ine top\u00e7u birlikleri bindirildi. \u00dcsk\u00fcdar iskelesini\nkapatan kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lara \u00fc\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7erisinde kay\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmazlarsa kay\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n\ntopa tutulaca\u011f\u0131 bildirildi. Bunun \u00fczerine kay\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybedecekleri endi\u015fesine\nkap\u0131lan kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar kay\u0131klar\u0131na atlayarak iskelenin \u00f6n\u00fcnden ayr\u0131ld\u0131lar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

26\nSuhulet\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 Dolmabah\u00e7e Saray\u0131\u2019ndan takip eden Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz\ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc manzara kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7ok mutlanm\u0131\u015f hemen ayn\u0131 tipte bir gemi al\u0131nmas\u0131\nhususunda H\u00fcseyin Haki Efendi\u2019ye talimat verir. Bu talimat \u00fczerine 27 Sahilbent\u2019in\nsipari\u015fi verilir. Bu sefer \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019nda yap\u0131lan ilk Arabal\u0131 Vapur\nseferidir. 27 Sahilbent\u2019in geli\u015fiyle bu iki gemi birbirlerini yedekleyerek\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flarlar. Bu iki feribot Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ordunun hizmetinde bulunurlar. 27\nSahilbent, \u0130stanbul liman\u0131 i\u00e7inde Haydarpa\u015fa-Sirkeci ya da \u00dcsk\u00fcdar-Sirkeci\naras\u0131nda asker ve askeri malzeme naklinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 26 Suhulet ise tersanede\ntorpil atmaya \u00f6zg\u00fc aletlerle donat\u0131larak \u00c7anakkale\u2019ye g\u00f6nderilir. Burada askeri\nsevkiyata tahsis edilmi\u015f, S\u00fcvari ve Top\u00e7u birliklerini bir k\u0131tadan bir k\u0131taya birka\u00e7\nsaatte ge\u00e7irir. D\u00f6rt bataryadan ibaret bir top\u00e7u taburu d\u00f6rt g\u00fcnde Bo\u011faz\u0131\nge\u00e7ebilirken 26 Suhulet ile bu ge\u00e7i\u015f iki bu\u00e7uk saat gibi k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede\nger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Ayr\u0131ca on pusluk iki top 26 Suhulet sayesinde \u00c7imenlik mevkiinden\nal\u0131narak d\u00f6rt saatte Kilitbahir\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

26 Suhulet ve 27 Sahilbent \u00c7anakkale Zaferinin\nkazan\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynarlar. Sava\u015f bitikten sonra bu iki gemi eski\ng\u00f6revlerine d\u00f6nerek, \u00dcsk\u00fcdar ile Kabata\u015f aras\u0131nda bir k\u0131tadan di\u011fer k\u0131taya ara\u00e7\nve insan ta\u015f\u0131maya devam ederler. Ta ki 1938 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar. 1938 y\u0131l\u0131nda\nyanlar\u0131na bir karde\u015f gelir. \u015eirket-i Hayriye faaliyette bulundu\u011fu 93 y\u0131lda\n(1851-1945) filosunda 77 adet gemi bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu gemilerin 76 adedi yeni\nin\u015fad\u0131r, 77. bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle en sonuncusu 77 no\u2019lu Kabata\u015f, Hali\u00e7 \u015eirketi\u2019nin\n13 numaral\u0131 vapurudur. \u015eirketin bor\u00e7lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k \u015eirket-i Hayriye\u2019ye verilir.\n\u015eirket-i Hayriye bu vapuru tadil ederek arabal\u0131 vapur haline getirmi\u015fse de\ndenge sorunu nedeniyle fazla kullan\u0131lamaz ve 1939 y\u0131l\u0131nda hizmet d\u0131\u015f\u0131\nb\u0131rak\u0131larak bilahare sat\u0131l\u0131r. 24 Ocak 1945 tarihinde, \u015eirket-i Hayriye\u2019nin\nDevlet Denizyollar\u0131 ve Limanlar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019ne devredilmesi ile 26 Suhulet\nve 27 Sahilbent sar\u0131 boyal\u0131 bacan\u0131n sonunda siyah ku\u015fak ve siyah rakam bulunan\nbaca forsu ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken 1945 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra bacalar\u0131nda \u00e7ift \u00e7apal\u0131 fors ile\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ederler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sona ermesi ve hayat\u0131n\nnormale d\u00f6nmesi ile iki k\u0131ta aras\u0131ndaki ara\u00e7 ge\u00e7i\u015fleri artm\u0131\u015f biri 73 di\u011feri 74\nya\u015f\u0131nda olan 26 Suhulet ve 27 Sahilbent bu talebi kar\u015f\u0131layamaz olurlar. Bu\narada 25 Eyl\u00fcl 1947 (Per\u015fembe) g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kan bir gazete haberinde \u201cSirkeci-Haydarpa\u015fa aras\u0131nda tecr\u00fcbe ama\u00e7l\u0131 araba vapurlar\u0131\nseferleri ba\u015fl\u0131yor\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 at\u0131l\u0131r. Pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc (29 Eyl\u00fcl 1947’de) a\u00e7\u0131lacak\nolan hatta ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 olarak sadece kamyon ta\u015f\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. 3 Temmuz 1949 tarihli H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi\u2019nde \u201cK\u0131sa\ns\u00fcre \u00f6nce in\u015faat\u0131 biten Bebek ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu\u2019daki iskeleler aras\u0131nda; Bebek-K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu\naraba vapuru seferleri yap\u0131lmas\u0131na bu sabahtan itibaren ba\u015flanacakt\u0131r.\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\nat\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu\u2019dan ilk sefer 07.30, son sefer 23.55\u2019tedir. Bebek\u2019ten ilk sefer\n07.50, son sefer 00.15\u2019tedir. 8 Temmuz\n1949, tarihli H\u00fcrriyet Gazetesi\u2019nde ise \u201cKartal-Yalova araba vapuru\niskelelerinin in\u015faatlar\u0131 tamamland\u0131\u201d, \u201c15 veya 16 Temmuz\u2019dan itibaren araba vapuru\nseferlerine ba\u015flanacakt\u0131r\u201d, \u201cAy\u0131n 3\u2019\u00fcnde ba\u015flayan \u201cBebek-K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu\u201d araba vapuru\nseferleri ise b\u00fcy\u00fck ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rmektedir\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberler yer al\u0131r. Tabii ki bu\nseferleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilmek i\u00e7in arabal\u0131 vapurlara ihtiya\u00e7 bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sava\u015fa girmemesine ra\u011fmen T\u00fcrkiye sava\u015f\u0131n t\u00fcm s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck\n\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ya\u015far. Yeni gemiler sat\u0131n alacak para yoktur ama bu seferlerin\nger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u015eirket-i\nHayriye\u2019nin 77 no\u2019lu Kabata\u015f araba vapurunu \u00f6rnek almakt\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in 1903’te\nAvusturya-Macaristan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan, Budape\u015fte’de Danubis Scho\u00aderuschen\nHartmann tezgahlar\u0131nda yandan \u00e7arkl\u0131 yolcu vapuru olarak yap\u0131lan Neveser, 1904’\u00adte,\nAnadolu-Ba\u011fdat Demiryollar\u0131 \u015eirketi taraf\u0131ndan, Alman\u00adya Kiel’de Ho\u00adwaldtswerke\ntez\u00adgahlar\u0131nda yandan \u00e7arkl\u0131 yolcu vapuru olarak yapt\u0131r\u0131lan Ba\u011fdat, Basra ve\nHalep gemileri tadil edilerek arabal\u0131 vapur haline getirilmi\u015fse de denge sorunu\nhalledilemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in servis d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131larak sat\u0131l\u0131r. 1940’ta \u0130ngiltere,\nNewcastle’de, Swan Hunter & Wingham Richard\u00adson tezgahlar\u0131nda askeri\n\u00e7\u0131karma gemisi olarak yap\u0131lan Sicilya \u00c7\u0131kartmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ihtiya\u00e7 fazlas\u0131\nolmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir \u00fccret kar\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye verilen Mudanya,\n\u00c7ardak ve Derince adl\u0131 bu vapurlar arabal\u0131 vapur haline getirilerek hizmete\nkonulur. 1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri\u2019nin verdi\u011fi Marshall Yard\u0131m\u0131\n\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Fransa, Nantes’da, S. A. des Anciens Chantiers Dubigeon tezgahlar\u0131nda\nmotorlu araba vapuru olarak yap\u0131lan, halk aras\u0131nda \u201ckuleli\u201d diye an\u0131lan\nKas\u0131mpa\u015fa, K\u0131zkulesi, Karak\u00f6y ve Kuru\u00e7e\u015fme vapurlar\u0131 gelir ve bunlar yurt\nd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yap\u0131lan son arabal\u0131 vapurlard\u0131r. Bu tarihten sonra g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar;\nKartal, Kabata\u015f, Yandan \u00c7arkl\u0131 Karam\u00fcrsel, H\u00fcrriyet, Orhan Erdener, H\u00fcseyin\nHaki, Sirkeci, \u015eemsipa\u015fa, Harem, Salacak, Emin\u00f6n\u00fc, Topkap\u0131, K\u0131nal\u0131ada,\nCemalettin Erem, Ey\u00fcp, \u0130ntepe, Kocadere, F\u0131rkatepe, Top\u00e7ular, Eskihisar,\nHal\u0131dere, Karam\u00fcrsel-1, Hereke-3, De\u011firmendere, Sultantepe, Zeytinburnu,\nEsenk\u00f6y, Selami\u00e7e\u015fme, Galatasaray, Haznedar, Okmeydan\u0131, Prof. Ata Nutku, Kaptan\n\u015eefik Gogen arabal\u0131 vapurlar\u0131 in\u015fa ettirilir. Bu vapurlar\u0131n hizmete girmesi ile\narabal\u0131 vapur seferlerinde rahatlama g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u0130stanbul\u2019un n\u00fcfusunun artmas\u0131,\nihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n ta\u015fradan temin edilmesi, \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u00fcretilen mallar\u0131n Anadolu\u2019ya\ng\u00f6nderilmesi, bu ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n karayolu ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunda kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya\nge\u00e7i\u015f h\u0131zla artar, yeni hatlara ve yeni arabal\u0131 vapurlara ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaya\nba\u015flan\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde 15 Temmuz 1949 tarihinde Kartal-Yalova hatt\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bu\nhat Eskihisar-Top\u00e7ular hatt\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, sahil yolunun in\u015fas\u0131\nnedeniyle 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. 10 Nisan 1950 tarihinde\nSirkeci-Kad\u0131k\u00f6y hatlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131larak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar. Sirkeci-Kad\u0131k\u00f6y hatt\u0131 21\nHaziran 1961 tarihinden itibaren Sirkeci-Harem olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015flar.\n1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Pa\u015fabah\u00e7e-\u0130stinye aras\u0131nda hat a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn\nard\u0131ndan Fatih Sultan Mehmet K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hizmete girmesi ile \u0130stanbul\ni\u00e7erisinde arabal\u0131 vapur ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6nce \u0130stinye-Pa\u015fabah\u00e7e\nhatt\u0131 kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan, 1975 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Kabata\u015f-\u00dcsk\u00fcdar hatt\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan tam\n116 y\u0131l sonra 1987 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda kapat\u0131l\u0131r. Bu hat 2002 ve 2003\ny\u0131llar\u0131nda Kabata\u015f-Harem olarak denendiyse de fazla talep bulmamas\u0131 nedeniyle tamamen\niptal edilir. \u0130stanbul s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yap\u0131lan, Bebek-K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksu hatt\u0131n\u0131n ne\nzaman kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda bir bilgi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. 1950 y\u0131l\u0131nda\nSirkeci-Kad\u0131k\u00f6y aras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen arabal\u0131 vapur seferleri art\u0131k\nyap\u0131lm\u0131yor. 21 Haziran 1961 tarihinde Harem \u0130skelesinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ile\nSirkeci-Harem aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan arabal\u0131 vapur seferleri ise halen\ndevam etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130stanbul’un tarihi 300 bin y\u0131l \u00f6nceye kadar uzan\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece g\u00f6l\u00fc kenar\u0131nda bulunan Yar\u0131mburgaz ma\u011faras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda insan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne ait ilk izlere rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde g\u00f6l\u00fcn \u00e7evresinde Neolitik ve Kalkolitik d\u00f6nem insanlar\u0131n\u0131n yasad\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli d\u00f6nemlerde yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131larda, Dudullu yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Alt Paleolitik \u00c7a\u011f’a, A\u011fa\u00e7l\u0131 yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ise, Orta Paleolitik \u00c7a\u011f ile \u00dcst Paleolitik \u00c7a\u011f’a \u00f6zg\u00fc aletlere rastlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":299,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yazilarim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=294"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":300,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/294\/revisions\/300"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=294"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=294"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=294"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}