{"id":249,"date":"2020-02-10T23:15:49","date_gmt":"2020-02-10T23:15:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/?p=249"},"modified":"2020-05-17T12:18:30","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T12:18:30","slug":"kadikoy-haydarpasa-iskeleleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/2020\/02\/10\/kadikoy-haydarpasa-iskeleleri\/","title":{"rendered":"KADIK\u00d6Y \u2013 HAYDARPA\u015eA \u0130SKELELER\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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\u0130stanbul halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131nda Galata\nK\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn daima \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yeri olmu\u015ftur. Nedeni, k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yaln\u0131z Galata\nile Emin\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc birbirine ba\u011flamas\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u00f6ylerine,\nHaydarpa\u015fa ile Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e, Hali\u00e7\u2019e, Adalar\u2019a, Moda\u2019dan ta \u0130zmit K\u00f6rfezi\niskelelerine, ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019den Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y\u2019e \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan vapurlar\u0131n hepsinin\nde Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ndeki iskelelerden hareket etmesiydi. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte adeta bir\niskeleler \u015fehri olan \u0130stanbul, ilerleyen zamanlarda \u015fehrin hinterland\u0131n\u0131n\nde\u011fi\u015fmesi, yeni yerle\u015fim yerlerinin denize uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ula\u015f\u0131m alan\u0131nda\n\u00f6zellikle kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7i\u015flerde deniz yolu unutulunca, h\u0131zla denizden\nuzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Denizyolunun ula\u015f\u0131mdaki yeri 1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda %\n50\u2019lerde olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bu g\u00fcn % 2\u2019lerde bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e\nilk kez vapur 1846 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Kad\u0131k\u00f6y, Haydarpa\u015fa ve Bo\u011faz\nvapurlar\u0131, \u00f6nceleri, Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f taraf\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve k\u00f6pr\u00fc\nboyunca uzanan dubalara yana\u015f\u0131rlard\u0131. 1912\u2019de yeni Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hizmete\ngirmesi ile Kad\u0131k\u00f6y ile Haydarpa\u015fa vapurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, k\u00f6pr\u00fcye dik gelecek \u015fekilde\nba\u011flanan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir duba iskele haz\u0131rlan\u0131p yerine ba\u011fland\u0131. Bu iskele 24 y\u0131l\n\u0130stanbullulara hizmet ettikten sonra zaman i\u00e7inde bir hayli eskidi ve can ve\nmal emniyeti a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yenisinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi. Eskiyen bu ah\u015fap\niskele bir s\u00fcre sonra kald\u0131r\u0131larak yerine 1936\u2019da Hali\u00e7 Tersanesi\u2019nde in\u015fa\nedilen yeni ve modern iskele yerle\u015ftirildi. Bu iskele sacdan yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve iki\nkatl\u0131 olan iskelenin salonlar\u0131n\u0131n ve b\u00fcrolar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu k\u0131s\u0131mlar \u00e7elik\nkonstr\u00fcksiyon ile yap\u0131ld\u0131. Aralar\u0131 kontrplak ile kapat\u0131lan iskelenin boyu 74 m, eni 18 m, su kesimi ise 1 metre idi.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130dare,\nher f\u0131rsatta Avrupa\u2019da bile benzerine ender rastlanan, en yeni sistemde in\u015fa\nedilmi\u015f olan bu yeni iskelenin, \u201cAvrupa\u2019da bile emsaline nadir tesad\u00fcf olunan,\nher t\u00fcrl\u00fc konfor ve tekemm\u00fclat\u0131 cami, yepyeni, modern bir deniz istasyonu\u201d\noldu\u011funu belirtilmekteydi. Alt kat\u0131 yolculara ayr\u0131lan iskelenin \u00fcst kat\u0131nda enspekt\u00f6rl\u00fck\nb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yer almaktayd\u0131. En u\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131nda da, liman manzaral\u0131 bir birahane vard\u0131.\nBu iskele binas\u0131, zaman i\u00e7inde birka\u00e7 kez onar\u0131l\u0131p yenilenerek aral\u0131ks\u0131z\nkullan\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130skele, 19 Aral\u0131k 1958 tarihinde bak\u0131m ve onar\u0131m nedeniyle yerinden\ns\u00f6k\u00fclerek 3 r\u00f6mork\u00f6r e\u015fli\u011finde Camialt\u0131 Tersanesi\u2019ne g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. 16 Ocak 1959\ntarihinde \u015fiddetli lodos nedeniyle 22 y\u0131l\u0131k koca iskele batt\u0131. Bu iskelenin en\nb\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zelliklerinden birisi de 1943 y\u0131l\u0131nda konulan saatin sevgililerin\nbulu\u015fma yeri olmas\u0131yd\u0131.  Bu saatin alt\u0131nda\ng\u00fcnde 200 ki\u015fi bulu\u015fur, 200 ki\u015fi de bo\u015fu bo\u015funa bekliyormu\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1930\u2019lu\nve 40\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda, 1912 yap\u0131m\u0131 Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Karak\u00f6y\u2019e bakan yar\u0131s\u0131ndaki\nilk iskele, \u015eehir Hatlar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz Haydarpa\u015fa – Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\nvapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesiydi. Onun yan\u0131nda Adalar – Yalova vapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesi\nyer al\u0131rd\u0131. Bir sonraki iskeleyi ise, \u015eirket-i Hayriye\u2019nin \u00dcsk\u00fcdar\u2019a i\u015fleyen\nvapurlar\u0131 kullan\u0131rd\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn orta k\u0131sm\u0131nda, Hali\u00e7\u2019e girip \u00e7\u0131kan tekneler i\u00e7in\ngiri\u015f \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ge\u00e7itleri yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, burada iskele yoktu k\u00f6pr\u00fc alt\u0131\nge\u00e7idinden sonraki iskele yine \u015eirket\u2019in Bo\u011faz\u2019\u0131n Rumeli yakas\u0131ndaki\niskelelerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan vapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesi vard\u0131. Bunu, Bo\u011faz\u2019\u0131n Anadolu\nyakas\u0131ndaki k\u00f6ylerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan vapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesi izlerdi. \u015eirket\u2019in\nHarem-Salacak-K\u00f6pr\u00fc aras\u0131nda ring seferleri yapan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck vapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesi\nde sonuncu iskeleydi ve Emin\u00f6n\u00fc r\u0131ht\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6pr\u00fcyle birle\u015fti\u011fi yerdeydi.  Ne var ki, s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz 1912 k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc,\nzamanla hayli y\u0131prand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn bak\u0131m\u0131 daha zorluklarla yap\u0131l\u0131r\nduruma geldi. \u00dcst\u00fcnden tramvaylar\u0131n, motorlu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n, yayalar\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi,\niskelelerine her g\u00fcn vapurlar\u0131n yana\u015f\u0131p kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6pr\u00fc, g\u00fcn geldi ki, de\u011fil\ns\u0131rt\u0131na binen onca y\u00fck\u00fc, kendini bile ayakta tutmakta zorlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.\nYana\u015fan vapurlar\u0131n \u015fiddetle iskelelere yaslanmalar\u0131, manevra s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k\ndubalar\u0131na bindirmeleri k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn biraz daha y\u0131pratmaya devam\nediyordu. Bu durumda iskelelerin bir an \u00f6nce k\u00f6pr\u00fcden kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz\nolmu\u015ftu. 1935 yap\u0131m\u0131 emektar k\u00f6pr\u00fc iskelesinin yerine Profilo firmas\u0131nca \u0130stinye\nTersanesi\u2019nde in\u015fa edilen yeni Kad\u0131k\u00f6y iskelesi eski yerine de\u011fil de Karak\u00f6y\nr\u0131ht\u0131m\u0131na, o zamanki ad\u0131 \u201cKefeli Han\u201d olan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201cU\u011furlu Han\u201d\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne\nnakledilerek diklemesine gelecek \u015fekilde ba\u011fland\u0131 ve 19 Mart 1960 g\u00fcn\u00fc hizmete\ngirdi. B\u00f6ylece yorgun 1912 k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc, ilk olarak Kad\u0131k\u00f6y – Haydarpa\u015fa\nvapurlar\u0131n\u0131n iskelesinden kurtulmu\u015f oluyordu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ne\nvar ki, bu 1960 iskelesi, 1 Mart 1966 g\u00fcn\u00fc liman giri\u015finde iki Sovyet\ntankerinin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonunda \u00e7\u0131kan korkun\u00e7 yang\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcne yana\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\nvapuru ile birlikte yanarak kullan\u0131lmaz hale geldi. \u0130skele hemen \u0130stinye\nTersanesi\u2019ne \u00e7ekildi. \u0130skele burada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir onar\u0131mdan ge\u00e7ti. \u201cHer \u015ferde bir\nhay\u0131r vard\u0131r\u201d diye bir atas\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz vard\u0131r. \u0130lk yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman dar olan yolcu\n\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu iskelenin verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na mani oluyordu ve bu konuda yolcu \u015fikayetlerinin\nard\u0131 arkas\u0131 kesilmiyordu. Dar olan yolcu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu geni\u015fletildi yo\u011fun olan\nyolcu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 rahatlad\u0131 ve \u015fikayetler de azald\u0131. Ba\u015ftan sona onar\u0131larak\nyenilenen iskele yine eski yerine ba\u011flanarak hizmete sokuldu. Bu onar\u0131m\ns\u0131ras\u0131nda ve 20 y\u0131l kullan\u0131lan bu iskele de eskiyince, yine \u0130stinye\nTersanesi\u2019ne yenisinin yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. 1960 yap\u0131m\u0131 iskele de 1984\u2019te\n\u0130stinye Tersanesi\u2019nde onar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra 1986 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ocak ay\u0131nda g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcp\nHarem mevkiine ba\u011fland\u0131.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde\nhizmet vermekte olan 1984, \u0130stinye Tersanesi yap\u0131m\u0131 bu Kad\u0131k\u00f6y- Haydarpa\u015fa\niskelesi, 8 Ekim 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda hizmete girdi. \u0130skele \u00e7elik konstr\u00fcksiyon olup 81 m uzunlu\u011funda, 24 m geni\u015fli\u011finde ve Sekiz\nadet sac duban\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde yer almaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm iskele alan\u0131 1.944 m2<\/sup>,\nkapal\u0131 alan\u0131 1.216 m2<\/sup>\u2019dir. Alt\u0131 adet kal\u0131n zincirle r\u0131ht\u0131ma ba\u011fl\u0131 olan\niskele ba\u015f taraf\u0131ndan da sekiz b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apa ile dibe demirlidir. Sa\u011fl\u0131 sollu iki\nyana\u015fma yerinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki derinlik 6.5\n m kadard\u0131r. Bu iskelenin in\u015faat\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ise bir\naksilik oldu. Bu iskele de bir evvelki iskele ile ayn\u0131 boyutlarda in\u015fa edildi.\nAncak 1966 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki yang\u0131ndan sonra geni\u015fletilen yolcu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu as\u0131l projeye\ni\u015flenmeyince yeni iskele 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan iskele ile ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yap\u0131ld\u0131. Bu\nhata fark edilince iskelenin \u00fcst\u00fcne in\u015fa edildi\u011fi her biri birbirinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z\ndubalar birbirlerine kaynat\u0131larak yolcu \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu geni\u015fletildi. (\u0130skele i\u00e7in 9\nadet duba in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir tanesi yedek olarak b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle her\nduban\u0131n zaman i\u00e7erisinde yerinden s\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp yedek duba ile yeri de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek\nbak\u0131m ve onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) Bu hata bu iskelenin 22 Kas\u0131m\n2008 tarihinde batmas\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck etkenlerden biridir. Bir di\u011feri ise iskele\n\u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar s\u0131ras\u0131nda iskeleye kald\u0131rabilece\u011finden fazla beton\nd\u00f6k\u00fclmesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kad\u0131k\u00f6y-Haydarpa\u015fa\niskelelerinin kaderi hep ayn\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u0130lk ah\u015fap iskele batma a\u015famas\u0131nda iken\nyenisi ile de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan iskele, 1959 y\u0131l\u0131nda batarak\nkullan\u0131lamaz hale gelince Karak\u00f6y\u2019deki 2 no\u2019lu r\u0131ht\u0131ma ge\u00e7ici olarak \u015fimdi\noldu\u011fu duba konularak 19 Mart 1960 tarihine kadar hizmet etmi\u015ftir. 19 Mart 1960\ntarihinde yap\u0131lan iskele 1 Mart 1966 y\u0131l\u0131nda yanarak b\u00fcy\u00fck hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f,\nyeniden onar\u0131larak tekrar hizmete girmi\u015ftir. 8 Ekim 1984 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen iskele\nbirka\u00e7 defa yang\u0131n tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan birincisi 5\nMart 1985 tarihinde meydana gelmi\u015ftir. Anadolukava\u011f\u0131 gemisinde, iskeleye ba\u011fl\u0131\niken, yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, neticesinde hasar g\u00f6ren iskele kapat\u0131lmadan, hizmet\nverirken hasar\u0131 giderilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci olay ise 28 A\u011fustos 1992 tarihinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.\nYine iskeleye yana\u015f\u0131k bir gemide yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, ancak bu defa iskele hasar\ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Buna ra\u011fmen iskele hizmete kapat\u0131lmadan onar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu iskelenin\nka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olan sonu 22 Kas\u0131m 2008 tarihinde dubalar\u0131n su almas\u0131 neticesinde\nbatmas\u0131 ile olmu\u015ftur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130stanbul halk\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131nda Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn daima \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yeri olmu\u015ftur. Nedeni, k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn yaln\u0131z Galata ile Emin\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc birbirine ba\u011flamas\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u00f6ylerine, Haydarpa\u015fa ile Kad\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e, Hali\u00e7\u2019e, Adalar\u2019a, Moda\u2019dan ta \u0130zmit K\u00f6rfezi iskelelerine, ge\u00e7mi\u015f zaman Ye\u015filk\u00f6y\u2019den Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y\u2019e \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan vapurlar\u0131n hepsinin de Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019ndeki iskelelerden hareket etmesiydi. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte adeta bir iskeleler \u015fehri olan \u0130stanbul, … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/249"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=249"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":254,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/249\/revisions\/254"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.alibozoglu.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}